Pipe-expanding tool.



E. RWARDWELL. PIPE EXPANDING TOOL.

APPLIOATION IILED MAY 13, 1909.

936,838. Patented 0ct.12,1909.

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7 9PW 54W EDWARD F. WABDWELL, OF WOODSTOCK,

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Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Oct. 12, 1909.

Application filed. lay 13, 1909; Serial 110. 495,058.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD F. WARD- WELL, of Woodstock, in the county of Wind-. sor and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Expanding Tools, of which the follow ing is a specification.

This invention relates to an expanding tool ada ted to be driven into one end of a length of lead pipe to expand the same and form an enlarged end portion adapted to re ceive a hard metal ferrule, the internal diameter of which may be somewhat larger than the internal diameter of the body or unexpanded portion of the pipe, said ferrule supporting the enlarged end of the pipe against the compressive action of caulking or packing material emplo ed to secure the enlarged end within the be mouth of a hard metal pipe or fitting.

The invention has for its object to provide an expanding tool adapted to form an enlarged end portion of considerable length on a lead pipe, without causin a bindln engagement between the ex andin tool an the pipe, and without liabllity o cracking the expanded portion of-the pipe,'anotl1er object being to impart to the outer end of the enlarged portion a mouth adapted to be readily upset over a part of the'outer portion of the ferrule.

The invention consists in the improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, form-ing a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of an expanding tool embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a longltudinal section of the same, and a longitudinal section of a portion of a lead pipe which has been expanded by the tool. Fig. 3 represents a sectional view of the expanded portion of the pipe, and a ferrule engaged therewith.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings,-a represents my im-. proved expanding tool which is an elongated rod or mandrel, preferably made of hard wood, although any other suitable material may be employed, having a cylindrical i end portion 2 adapted to be inserted with i an easy fit in one end of an unexpanded lead pipe 3. The tool is provided with a series of peripheral ridges which are concentric .tudinal axis of the tool, said series including a relatively small inner ri ing the entering portion 2, and a relatively large outer ridge 6, the size or diameter of which is greater than that of the ridge 5. Each of said rid es has oppositely inclined inner and outer aces, the inner faces being inclined inwardly from the outer end of the tool to which the driving ferrule 7 is attached, toward the inner end of the tool formed by the entering portion 2, the formation being such that when the tool is driven into the pipe 3,-each ridge will exert a gentle expanding force on the interior of the pipe, the initial expansion caused by the inner ridge 5 being increased by the outer ridge 6.

The expanding portion of the tool is re duced in diameter between the inner ridge 5 and the outer ridge 6, this reduction in the embodiment of my invention here shown bedge 5 adjoining due to the'fact that the outer face of the ridge 5 has a taper which is opposite to A the taper of the inner faces of both ridges, the outer face of the inner ridge and the inner face of the outer ridge meeting and forming a neck portion 8 which is of smaller diameter than the inner ridge 5. The object of the reduction of this portion of the periphery of the tool is to aiford clearance for the portion of the tube which has been enlarged by the inner ridge 5.

It will be seen by an inspection of Fig. 2 that each ridge has a narrow zone of contact with the internal surface of the pipe formed by its tapered inner face and apex, so that the tool is adapted to slide freely on the expanded portion of the pipe. The portion of the pipe expanded by the ridge 5 contacts only with a portion of the tapered inner face of the outer ridge 6, the reduced portion of the tool between the ridges 5 and 6 providing suflicient clearance to enable the tool to complete the expansion of the end of the pipe with the minimum of frictional resistance, and without causing the tool to bind or stick in the expanded portion of the pipe.

.In practice, the portion of the pipe expanded by the ridges 5 and 6 forms a tapering portion 9, and a substantially cylindrical portion IO'terminating in a flaring mouth 11 which is formed bythe contact of the tapering inner side of the outer ridge with the interior of the expanded portion 10. Owing to the fact that the taper from the with the end portion 2, and with the longiridge 5 toward the end portion 2 is short the length of the en and rather abrupt, the action of the tool when driven into the pipe, sufliciently upsets or shortens the portion of the pipe through which it is being driven, to practicallyreserve the original thickness of the wal s of the ex anded. portion. And 5 portion 2 is such as to hold and guide the tool during the driving in operation and to preserve the shape of the portion of the pipe which is adjacent to the portion which 15 being'upset and expanded.

The cylindrical portion 10 is ada ted to receive the body of a tubular har metal ferrule 12, preferably made of cast iron, said ferrule having a peripheral protuberance or ridge 13 at its outer end provided with opposltely tapered sides. The interior of the mouth 11, as formed by the tool, abuts against the inner side of the ferrule ridge 13 so that the ferrule may be interlocked with the. pipe by forcing inwardly the extreme end portion of the expanded mouth 11 to form a lip 14 bearing on the outer inclined side of the ferrule ridge 13.

The described formation of the expanding tool, including the reduced clearance portion 8, not only enables the tool to be driven into the pipe to give the same the formatlon shown and described, without sticking or binding in the pipe, but also without liability of splitting or cracking the pipe, and without materially reducing the thickness of the expanded portion at any one part the expanded portion being of practically uniform thickness at all arts.

The ferrule 7 is employed w en the tool is made of wood or any material liable to be injured by a mallet or other driving instrumentwhich forces it into the pipe.

I claim:

A pipe expanding and upsetting tool composed of an elongated body having an entering end portion adapted to fit the mterior'of the pipe to be expanded and of a length to guide the tool whlle being driven in, and an expanding portion comprising a series of peripheral ridges concentric with the end portion and of successively increasin diameter, the series comprising a relative y small inner ridge adjoining the entering portion, and a relatixelylarge outer ridge, the faces formin the inner sides of said ridges being tapered inwardly toward the entering portion, and the face forming the outer side of the inner ridge being reduced to provide clearance for the portion of the pipe enlarged by the inner ridge, the face forming the inner side of the inner ridge being sufficiently abrupt to shorten or upset the portion of the pipe which is being expanded.-

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD F. WARDWELL. Witnesses JAS. H. CHURCHILL, C. F. BROWN. 

